Get Official Series Description Data from JSON, HTML or TXT sources
Usage
get_OSD(
series,
base_url = NULL,
result = c("json", "html", "txt"),
fix_ocr_errors = FALSE,
verbose = FALSE
)
get_OSD_JSON(series, base_url = NULL)Arguments
- series
A character vector of Official Series names e.g.
"Chewacla"- base_url
Optional: alternate JSON/HTML/TXT repository path. Default:
NULLuses"https://github.com/ncss-tech/SoilKnowledgeBase"forresult="json"- result
Select
"json","html", or"txt"output- fix_ocr_errors
Default:
FALSE; Applies only toresult='json'. Convert clear cases of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) errors to likely actual values.- verbose
Print errors and warning messages related to HTTP requests? Default:
FALSE
Value
For JSON result: A data.frame with 1 row per series, and 1 column per "section" in the OSD as defined in National Soil Survey Handbook. For TXT or HTML result a list of character vectors containing OSD text with 1 element per series and one value per line.
Details
The default base_url for result="json" is to JSON files stored in a GitHub repository that is regularly updated from the official source of Series Descriptions. Using format: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ncss-tech/SoilKnowledgeBase/main/inst/extdata/OSD/{LETTER}/{SERIES}.json for JSON. And "https://soilseriesdesc.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/{LETTER}/{SERIES}.html is for result="html" (official source).
fix_ocr_errors by default is turned off (FALSE). When TRUE, assume that in color data hue/value/chroma lowercase "L" ("l") is a 1, and a capital "O" is interpreted as zero. Also, in horizon designations assume lowercase "L" is a 1, and a string that starts with 0 starts with the capital letter "O".
Examples
# \donttest{
series <- c("Musick", "Hector", "Chewacla")
get_OSD(series)
#> SERIES STATUS BYREV REVDATE
#> 1 MUSICK Established Series Rev. RCH-LCL-DJE/AJT-AGB-JTW 03/2023
#> 2 HECTOR Established Series Rev. ORC:RLT 05/2001
#> 3 CHEWACLA Established Series RJL/Rev. JAK/DTA 02/2010
#> STATES
#> 1 CA
#> 2 AL,AR,GA,KS,MO,OK,TN
#> 3 AL,GA,NC,SC,TN,VA
#> OVERVIEW
#> 1 The Musick series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in colluvium over residuum from intrusive igneous rocks. Musick soils are on foothills and mountains. Slope ranges from 2 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 1270 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C.
#> 2 The Hector series consists of shallow, well drained, moderately rapidly permeable soils that formed in residuum from sandstone bedrock. These soils are on nearly level to moderately steep ridgetops and steep and very steep mountain sides. Slopes range from 2 to 60 percent.
#> 3 MLRA(s): 136-Southern Piedmont, 133A-Southern Coastal Plain, 153A-Atlantic Coast Flatwoods\nMLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina\nDepth Class: Very deep\nDrainage Class (Agricultural): Somewhat poorly drained\nInternal Free Water Occurrence: Very shallow to moderately deep, common\nFlooding Frequency and Duration: Frequent to rare for very brief to long periods\nPonding Frequency and Duration: None\nIndex Surface Runoff: Negligible to low\nPermeability: Moderate\nLandscape: Piedmont and Coastal Plain river valleys\nLandform: Flood plains\nParent Material: Alluvium\nSlope: 0 to 2 percent\nElevation (type location): Unknown\nMean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 59 degrees F.\nMean Annual Precipitation (type location): 44 inches
#> TAXONOMIC.CLASS
#> 1 TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Ultic Haploxeralfs
#> 2 TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Lithic Dystrudepts
#> 3 TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts
#> TYPICAL.PEDON
#> 1 TYPICAL PEDON: Musick loam--on a northeast-facing, linear, slope of 26 percent. Vegetation is ponderosa pine, incense cedar, and California black oak with mountain misery, whiteleaf manzanita and deerbrush in the understory. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on July 3, 1958 the soil was dry throughout).\nOi--0 to 8 cm; loose, fibrous litter mainly from mountain misery, partly decomposed in the lower portion.\nA--8 to 23 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; 15 percent clay; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many very fine and fine roots; slightly acid (pH 6.5); abrupt wavy boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick)\nAB--23 to 43 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; 17 percent clay; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; common thin clay films line pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt irregular boundary. (0 to 25 cm thick)\nBt1--43 to 58 cm; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; 30 percent clay; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine and few fine pores; thin nearly continuous clay films on vertical peds; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt irregular boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)\nBt2--58 to 122 cm; red (2.5YR 5/6) clay loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; 35 percent clay; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to coarse angular blocky; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; few very fine and fine pores; moderately thick nearly continuous clay films on peds and in pores; moderately acid (pH 5.7); diffuse smooth boundary. (35 to 75 cm thick)\nBCt--122 to 193 cm; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; 30 percent clay; appears massive but parts to weak coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine interstitial pores; few thin red (2.5YR 5/6) clay films on peds; strongly acid (pH 5.4); diffuse wavy boundary. (35 to 115 cm thick)\nC1--193 to 234 cm; reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; 15 percent clay; massive; slightly hard, friable; very few medium and coarse roots; many very fine interstitial pores; original rock structure detectable but indistinct; few thick clay films; moderately acid (pH 5.6); diffuse wavy boundary. (25 to 75 cm thick)\nC2--234 to 295 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; 15 percent clay; otherwise like the C1 horizon; grades into very pale brown strongly weathered quartz diorite.
#> 2 TYPICAL PEDON: Hector gravelly fine sandy loam - forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)\nA1--0 to 2 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) gravelly fine sandy loam; brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; very friable; many roots; about 25 percent by volume fragments of sandstone less than 3 inches in diameter; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)\nA2--2 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; very friable; many roots; about 30 percent by volume fragments of sandstone less than 3 inches in diameter; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)\nBw--6 to 15 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam; reddish yellow (7.5YR 7/6) dry; very weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; about 14 percent by volume fragments of sandstone dominantly less than 3 inches in diameter, but few to 10 inches; strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)\nR--15 inches; hard, massive sandstone bedrock.
#> 3 TYPICAL PEDON: Chewacla loam--cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)\nAp--0 to 4 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium granular structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (1 to 10 inches thick)\nBw1--4 to 14 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; common fine flakes of mica; few medium faint brown (10YR 5/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.\nBw2--14 to 26 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; many fine flakes of mica; common medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions and common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.\nBw3--26 to 38 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; many fine flakes of mica; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.\nBw4--38 to 47 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many fine flakes of mica; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.\nBw5--47 to 60 inches; gray (10YR 5/1), strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), and red (2.5YR 5/8) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many fine flakes of mica; areas with gray color are iron depletions and areas with red color are masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 6 to 60 inches)\nC--60 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) and gray (7.5YR 5/1) loam; massive; friable; many fine flakes of mica; areas with gray color are iron depletions very strongly acid.
#> TYPE.LOCATION
#> 1 TYPE LOCATION: Fresno County, California, about 6 miles south of Shaver Lake and 7 miles east of Tollhouse; 1/4 mile south of the center of section 29, T.10 S., R.25 E., MDB&M. WGS84 37.028099 latitude and -119.267998 longitude. UTM Zone 11 298262 meters E 4100395 meters N NAD83.
#> 2 TYPE LOCATION: Washington County Arkansas; SE1/4SE1/4NE1/4 sec. 1 T. 15 N. R. 33 W.
#> 3 TYPE LOCATION: Halifax County, North Carolina; 1.0 mile east southeast of Norfleet on Secondary Road 1800, 1.3 miles east southeast on a farm path, 1.0 mile south southwest on farm path, 0.5 mile southeast of the farm path, in a wooded area.
#> RANGE.IN.CHARACTERISTICS
#> 1 RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:\nSoil temperature: the mean annual soil temperature at 50 cm depth is 12 to 15 degrees C. The difference between mean summer and winter soil temperature is greater than 6 degrees C. The soils have a mesic temperature regime.\nSoil moisture: the soil moisture control section is dry in all parts from about June to October. The soils have a xeric moisture regime.\nDiagnostic Feature(s)\nOchric epipedon thickness: 18 to 45 cm\nArgillic horizon thickness: 50 to 170 cm\nDepth to paralithic contact: >150 cm\nParticle size control section weighted averages:\nClay content: 20 to 35 percent; typically averages greater than 30 percent\nRock fragments: 0 to 15 percent; dominantly fine gravel, typically averages less than 5 percent\nA horizon\nHue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR\nValue: 4 or 5 dry, 3 to 5 moist\nChroma: 1 to 4 dry, 2 to 4 moist\nTexture: loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, fine sandy loam\nClay content: 10 to 25 percent\nRock fragments: 0 to 15 percent; dominantly fine gravel, typically less than 5 percent\nReaction: moderately acid to slightly acid\nThe A horizon has a redder hue or higher chroma in the lower part.\nBt horizon\nHue: 2.5YR, 5YR\nValue: 3 to 6 dry; 3 or 4 moist\nChroma: 4 to 8 dry or moist\nTexture: clay loam, sandy clay loam; clay or sandy clay in the lower part for some pedons\nClay content: 20 to 45 percent\nCoarse plus Very Coarse sand content: 16 to 26 percent\nRock fragments: 0 to 15 percent; dominantly fine gravel, typically less than 5 percent\nReaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid\nBase saturation (by sum of cations): 35 to 60 percent\nThe Bt horizon may have variegated streaks or other color segregations in the hues of 5YR to 10R. Mica content ranges up to 40 percent\nC horizon\nHue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR\nValue: 4 or 7 dry or moist\nChroma: 3 to 8 dry or moist\nTexture: loam, sandy loam, coarse sand loam\nClay content: 10 to 25 percent\nRock fragments: 0 to 35 percent gravel\nReaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid
#> 2 RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness and depth to bedrock ranges from 14 to 20 inches. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 50 percent by volume in the A horizon and 0 to 35 percent by volume in the B horizon. Stony, cobbly, very cobbly, gravelly and very gravelly phases are recognized.\nThe A1 horizon is very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), dark brown (10YR 3/3), brown (10YR 4/3, 7.5YR 4/2) or dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2). The A2 horizon is brown (10YR 4/3, 5/3), grayish brown (10YR 5/2) or dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4). The fine earth fraction of the A horizon is sandy loam, fine sandy loam or loam. Reaction ranges from slightly acid through strongly acid.\nThe Bw horizon is dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4, 5/6), brown (10YR 5/3, 7.5YR 5/4), strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), reddish brown (5YR 4/4) or yellowish red (5YR 4/6). The fine earth fraction is sandy loam, fine sandy loam or loam. Reaction is strongly acid or very strongly acid.
#> 3 RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:\nDepth to Bedrock: Greater than 80 inches\nDepth to Seasonal High Water Table: 6 to 24 inches, November to April\nRock Fragment content: Less than 5 percent, by volume, in the A and upper B horizons. In some pedons, gravel content ranges to 15 percent by volume in the lower B horizons.\nSoil Reaction: Very strongly acid to slightly acid to a depth of 40 inches, very strongly acid to mildly alkaline below 40 inches, except where limed\nOther Features: Few to many mica flakes throughout and none to common\nconcretions & RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:\nAp horizon or A horizon:\nColor--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, chroma of 1 to 6\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silty clay loam or clay loam\nAb horizon (where present):\nColor--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand\nAB or BA horizon (where present):\nColor--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 3 to 8\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, silt loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam\nBw horizon:\nColor--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 3 to 8 or variegated in shades of these colors\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam\nRedoximorphic features (were present)--masses of oxidized in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray\nBg horizon (where present):\nColor--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam\nRedoximorphic features (where present)-masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray\nBC horizon (where present):\nColor--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 3 to 8\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam\nRedoximorphic features (where present)-- masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray\nBCg horizon (where present):\nColor--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam\nRedoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shade of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray\nC horizon or 2C horizon (where present):\nColor--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 3 to 8\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam. Below 40 inches, texture is commonly variable, ranging from extremely gravelly sand to clay.\nRedoximorphic features (if they occur)--masses of oxidized iron in shade of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray\nCg horizon or 2Cg horizon (where present):\nColor--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8\nTexture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam or silty clay loam. Below 40 inches, texture is commonly variable, ranging from extremely gravelly sand to clay.\nRedoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shade of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
#> COMPETING.SERIES
#> 1 COMPETING SERIES: These are the Wallyhill soils. Wallyhill soils have a paralithic contact of metasedimentary rock at depths of 50 to 100 cm.
#> 2 COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.
#> 3 COMPETING SERIES:\nOakboro soils--have bedrock at 40 to 60 inches and occur in the Carolina Slate Belt
#> GEOGRAPHIC.SETTING
#> 1 GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Musick soils are on hillslopes and mountain slopes at elevations of 495 to 1480 meters. Slopes are 2 to 75 percent. These soils formed in material derived from intrusive igneous rocks such as granite, granodiorite, quartz diorite, or syenite. The climate is Mediterranean with warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 750 to 1800 mm, of which 1 to 15 percent occurs as snow. Mean annual air temperature is about 14 degrees C, average January air temperature is 3 degrees C, and average July air temperature is 22 degrees C. Frost-free season is 180 to 260 days.
#> 2 GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Hector soils are on nearly level to moderately steep ridgtops and steep and very steep mountainsides. Slopes range from 2 to 60 percent. The soils formed in residuum and locally some colluvium from sandstone bedrock. The average annual temperature at the type location is 59.5 degrees F. and the average annual precipitation is 45 inches.
#> 3 GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:\nLandscape: Piedmont and Coastal Plain river valleys that drain out of the Piedmont\nLandform: Flood plains\nParent Material: Alluvium\nElevation: 10 to 700 feet\nMean Annual Air Temperature: 58 to 68 degrees\nMean Annual Precipitation: 37 to 69 inches\nFrost Free Period: 185 to 250 days
#> GEOGRAPHICALLY.ASSOCIATED.SOILS
#> 1 GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aiken, Chawanakee, Cohasset, Holland, Hotaw, Jocal, Shaver, Sites, Tollhouse and Wukusick soils. Chawanakee and Tollhouse have a paralithic contact with intrusive igneous rock at 25 to 50 cm. Hotaw soils occur on shoulders and have a paralithic contact with intrusive igneous rock at 50 to 100 cm. Shaver soils have a paralithic contact with intrusive igneous rock at 100 to 150 cm. Aiken, Jocal, and Sites soils have a base saturation of less than 35 percent (by sum of cations) in the lower part of the argillic horizon. Aiken soils occur on lahars. Jocal and Sites soils occur on mountain slopes and formed from metasedimentary rocks. Sites and Wukusick soils average greater than 35 percent clay in the particle size control section.
#> 2 GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Enders, Fayetteville, Hartsells, Leesburg, Linker, Mountainburg and Nella series. Enders, Fayetteville, Hartsells, Leesburg, Linker and Nella soils are deeper to bedrock and have argillic horizons. Mountainburg soils are loamy-skeletal and have an argillic horizon.
#> 3 GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:\nOn flood plains:\nBibb soils--are in a coarse-loamy family and are poorly drained\nBuncombe soils--are sandy and excessively drained\nCartecay soils--are in a coarse-loamy family\nChastain soils--are in a clayey family and are poorly drained\nChenneby soils--are in a fine-silty family\nCongaree soils--lack a cambic horizon\nEnoree soils--are in a coarse-loamy family\nOakboro soils--have bedrock at 40 to 60 inches and occur in the Carolina Slate Belt\nRiverview soils--are well drained\nShellbluff soils--are well drained and in a fine-silty family\nTawcaw soils--are in a clayey family\nWehadkee soils--are poorly drained\nOn adjacent stream terraces (all of these soils have an argillic horizon):\nAltavista soils--are moderatelt well drained\nAugusta soils--are somewhat poorly drained\nDogue soils--are in a clayey family, are moderately well drained, and occur in the Coastal Plain region\nDorian soils--are in a clayey family, are moderately well drained, and occur in the Piedmont region\nMerry Oaks soils--are in a fine-silty family and occur in the Piedmont region\nMoncure soils--are in a fine-silty family, are poorly drained, and occur in the Piedmont region\nRoanoke soils--are in a clayey family and are poorly drained\nState soils--are well drained\nWahee soils--are in a clayey family and occur in the Coastal Plain region\nWarne soils--are in a clayey family and occur in the Piedmont region\nWickham soils--are well drained
#> DRAINAGE.AND.PERMEABILITY
#> 1 DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low to moderately high throughout the soil profile.
#> 2 DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to rapid runoff depending upon slope; moderately rapid internal drainage; moderately rapid permeability.
#> 3 DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:\nDrainage class (Agricultural): Somewhat poorly drained\nIndex Surface Runoff: Negligible to very low\nInternal Free Water Occurrence: Very shallow to moderately deep, common\nFlooding Frequency and Duration: Frequent to rare for very brief to long periods\nPonding Frequency and Duration: None\nPermeability: Moderate
#> USE.AND.VEGETATION
#> 1 USE AND VEGETATION: Used for commercial timber, wildlife, watershed, and recreation. A few areas are used for deciduous orchards and pasture. Vegetation includes ponderosa pine, incense cedar, white fir, California black oak, canyon live oak, Pacific dogwood, mountain misery, whiteleaf manzanita and deerbrush.
#> 2 USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in low-grade, mixed cedar-hardwood forest. Common trees include cedar, oaks, elms, hickory and pine. Minor areas have been cleared and are in native pasture, or planted to improved pasture grasses, but droughtiness is a severe limitation.
#> 3 USE AND VEGETATION:\nMajor Uses: Pasture, cropland, some forest\nDominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, small grain. Where wooded--yellow poplar, sweetgum, water oak, eastern cottonwood, green ash, blackgum, red maple, willow oak, and American sycamore. Loblolly pines are in some areas that are not subject to frequent flooding. Common understory plants include river birch, winged elm, hackberry, greenbrier, American holly, black willow, sourwood, eastern and hophornbeam.
#> DISTRIBUTION.AND.EXTENT
#> 1 DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Sierra Nevada Mountains of California; MLRA 22A. The series is moderately extensive.
#> 2 DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Boston Mountains and Arkansas Valley of Arkansas and Oklahoma (MLRAs 117 and 118), the Southern Appalachian Ridges and Valleys, the Cumberland Plateau, and Sand Mountain areas of Georgia, Tennessee, and Alabama (MLRAs 125, 128, and 129), and the Ozark Border areas in southeast Kansas and southwest Missouri(MLRA 116B). This soil is of large extent, probably in excess of 800,000 acres.
#> 3 DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:\nDistribution: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia\nExtent: Large
#> REGIONAL.OFFICE
#> 1 SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
#> 2 MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
#> 3 MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
#> ORIGIN
#> 1 SERIES ESTABLISHED: Amador County, California, 1963.
#> 2 SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pope County, Arkansas; 1938.
#> 3 SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hall County, Georgia; 1937.
#> REMARKS
#> 1 REMARKS:\nParticle size control section for this pedon: 43 to 93 cm\nDiagnostic features and properties recognized in this pedon:\nOchric epipedon: 0 to 43 cm\nCambic horizon: 23 to 43 cm\nArgillic horizon: 43 to 193 cm
#> 2 REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:\nOchric epipedon-surface to a depth of 6 inches\nCambic horizon-6 to 15 inches\nLithic contact-bedrock at 15 inches\nThe current classification based on Keys to Taxonomy, 1998 edition.\nPrior to Soil Taxonomy, the Hector series was classified in the Lithosol great soil group.
#> 3 REMARKS: 4/18/03, DTA. In 2003 version, moved the type location from Burke County, North Carolina to Halifax County, North Carolina. The former type location is located in the mesic part of MLRA 136. The 05/2006 revision removed MLRA 153B. RIC of Ap revised to allow silty clay loam texture.\nDiagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:\nOchric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 4 inches (Ap horizon)\nCambic horizon--the zone from 4 to 60 inches (Bw horizons)\nAquic conditions--the soil has redox depletions and concentrations within the upper 24 inches of the soil, with periodic saturation and reduction at some time during the year\nSeries control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches
#> ADDITIONAL.DATA
#> 1 ADDITIONAL DATA:\nNASIS User Pedon ID: 58-CA-10-001\nKellogg Soil Survey Laboratory (KSSL) Pedons (NASIS User Pedon ID): 83CA019302, S1977CA019003 (ric); in Amador County: S1959CA005013 (ric) and S1959CA005014 (taxadjunct) which is in the parasesquic family; in Mariposa County 92CA043102; in Stanislaus NF 90CA109107 (taxadjunct).\n12/2018 - User Pedon IDs 83CA019302, S1977CA019003 are in Shasta-Trinity NF which is in MLRA 5. They should be re-correlated and removed from range in characteristics (ric) for this series.\nThe soil was classified using the 13th edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy.
#> 2 <NA>
#> 3 ADDITIONAL DATA: None\nTABULAR SERIES DATA:\nSOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation\nNC0055 CHEWACLA 0-2 57-70 185-250 37-69 10-700\nSOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness\nNC0055 RARE FREQ 0.5-2.0 APPARENT NOV-APR >80\nSOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-\nNC0055 0-4 FSL SL 0-0 95-100 5-20 4-20\nNC0055 0-4 SIL L CL 0-0 95-100 10-35 5-30\nNC0055 4-26 SIL SICL CL 0-0 95-100 18-35 10-25\nNC0055 26-38 SCL L SL 0-0 95-100 18-35 10-25\nNC0055 38-60 SIL CL SICL 0-0 75-100 18-35 10-25\nNC0055 60-72 VAR - - - -\nSOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll\nNC0055 0-4 4.5-6.5 1.0-4.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 0-4 4.5-6.5 1.0-4.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 4-26 4.5-6.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 26-38 4.5-6.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 38-60 4.5-7.8 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 60-72 - - - - - & TABULAR SERIES DATA:\nSOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation\nNC0055 CHEWACLA 0-2 57-70 185-250 37-69 10-700\nSOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness\nNC0055 RARE FREQ 0.5-2.0 APPARENT NOV-APR >80\nSOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-\nNC0055 0-4 FSL SL 0-0 95-100 5-20 4-20\nNC0055 0-4 SIL L CL 0-0 95-100 10-35 5-30\nNC0055 4-26 SIL SICL CL 0-0 95-100 18-35 10-25\nNC0055 26-38 SCL L SL 0-0 95-100 18-35 10-25\nNC0055 38-60 SIL CL SICL 0-0 75-100 18-35 10-25\nNC0055 60-72 VAR - - - -\nSOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll\nNC0055 0-4 4.5-6.5 1.0-4.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 0-4 4.5-6.5 1.0-4.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 4-26 4.5-6.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 26-38 4.5-6.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 38-60 4.5-7.8 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW\nNC0055 60-72 - - - - -
#> SITE
#> 1 well, well, 1
#> 2 well, well, 2
#> 3 somewhat poorly, somewhat poorly, 3
#> HORIZONS
#> 1 Oi, A, AB, Bt1, Bt2, BCt, C1, C2, 0, 8, 23, 43, 58, 122, 193, 234, 8, 23, 43, 58, 122, 193, 234, 295, NA, 10YR, 10YR, 2.5YR, 2.5YR, 5YR, 5YR, 10YR, NA, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, NA, 2, 3, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, NA, 10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5YR, 2.5YR, 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, NA, 3, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, NA, 2, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, NA, loam, loam, clay loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, sandy loam, sandy loam, NA, moderate medium granular, moderate medium and fine subangular blocky, moderate coarse angular blocky, weak very coarse prismatic, weak coarse subangular blocky, massive, NA, loose, hard, hard, hard, hard, hard, hard, NA, loose, friable, friable, friable, firm, friable, friable, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 6.5, 6.2, 6.2, 5.7, 5.4, 5.6, NA, NA, slightly acid, slightly acid, slightly acid, moderately acid, strongly acid, moderately acid, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, abrupt, abrupt, abrupt, diffuse, diffuse, diffuse, NA, NA, wavy, irregular, irregular, smooth, wavy, wavy, NA, Oi--0 to 8 cm; loose, fibrous litter mainly from mountain misery, partly decomposed in the lower portion., A--8 to 23 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; 15 percent clay; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many very fine and fine roots; slightly acid (pH 6.5); abrupt wavy boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick), AB--23 to 43 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; 17 percent clay; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; common thin clay films line pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt irregular boundary. (0 to 25 cm thick), Bt1--43 to 58 cm; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; 30 percent clay; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine and few fine pores; thin nearly continuous clay films on vertical peds; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt irregular boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick), Bt2--58 to 122 cm; red (2.5YR 5/6) clay loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; 35 percent clay; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to coarse angular blocky; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; few very fine and fine pores; moderately thick nearly continuous clay films on peds and in pores; moderately acid (pH 5.7); diffuse smooth boundary. (35 to 75 cm thick), BCt--122 to 193 cm; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; 30 percent clay; appears massive but parts to weak coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine interstitial pores; few thin red (2.5YR 5/6) clay films on peds; strongly acid (pH 5.4); diffuse wavy boundary. (35 to 115 cm thick), C1--193 to 234 cm; reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; 15 percent clay; massive; slightly hard, friable; very few medium and coarse roots; many very fine interstitial pores; original rock structure detectable but indistinct; few thick clay films; moderately acid (pH 5.6); diffuse wavy boundary. (25 to 75 cm thick), C2--234 to 295 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; 15 percent clay; otherwise like the C1 horizon; grades into very pale brown strongly weathered quartz diorite.
#> 2 A1, A2, Bw, R, 0, 5, 15, 38, 5, 15, 38, NA, 10YR, 10YR, 7.5YR, NA, 5, 6, 7, NA, 3, 3, 6, NA, 10YR, 10YR, 7.5YR, NA, 3, 4, 5, NA, 3, 3, 6, NA, fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sand, moderate medium granular, moderate medium granular, weak medium subangular blocky, massive, NA, NA, NA, hard, friable, friable, friable, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, gravelly, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, slightly acid, moderately acid, strongly acid, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, clear, clear, abrupt, NA, smooth, smooth, irregular, NA, A1--0 to 2 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) gravelly fine sandy loam; brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; very friable; many roots; about 25 percent by volume fragments of sandstone less than 3 inches in diameter; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick), A2--2 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; very friable; many roots; about 30 percent by volume fragments of sandstone less than 3 inches in diameter; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick), Bw--6 to 15 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam; reddish yellow (7.5YR 7/6) dry; very weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; about 14 percent by volume fragments of sandstone dominantly less than 3 inches in diameter, but few to 10 inches; strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick), R--15 inches; hard, massive sandstone bedrock.
#> 3 Ap, Bw1, Bw2, Bw3, Bw4, Bw5, C, 0, 10, 36, 66, 97, 119, 152, 10, 36, 66, 97, 119, 152, 203, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 7.5YR, 10YR, 10YR, 7.5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 7.5YR, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 8, 1, 4, loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, clay loam, clay loam, loam, weak medium granular, weak medium subangular blocky, weak medium subangular blocky, weak medium subangular blocky, weak medium subangular blocky, weak medium subangular blocky, massive, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, friable, friable, friable, friable, friable, friable, friable, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, very strongly acid, very strongly acid, very strongly acid, very strongly acid, very strongly acid, very strongly acid, very strongly acid, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, clear, gradual, gradual, gradual, gradual, gradual, NA, smooth, wavy, wavy, wavy, wavy, wavy, NA, Ap--0 to 4 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium granular structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (1 to 10 inches thick), Bw1--4 to 14 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; common fine flakes of mica; few medium faint brown (10YR 5/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary., Bw2--14 to 26 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; many fine flakes of mica; common medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions and common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary., Bw3--26 to 38 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; many fine flakes of mica; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary., Bw4--38 to 47 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many fine flakes of mica; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary., Bw5--47 to 60 inches; gray (10YR 5/1), strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), and red (2.5YR 5/8) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many fine flakes of mica; areas with gray color are iron depletions and areas with red color are masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 6 to 60 inches), C--60 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) and gray (7.5YR 5/1) loam; massive; friable; many fine flakes of mica; areas with gray color are iron depletions very strongly acid.
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